Hubei

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Hubei 湖北
Province
Province of Hubei
Name transcription(s)
• Chinese	湖北省 (Húběi Shěng)
• Abbreviation	HB / 鄂 (pinyin: È)
(clockwise from top) Xiling Gorge Three Gorges Dam Wudang Mountains Enshi Grand Canyon Red Cliffs Yellow Crane Tower
Map showing the location of Hubei Province
Coordinates: 31°12′N 112°18′E / 31.2°N 112.3°E / 31.2; 112.3
Country	China
Named for	湖 hú—"lake" 北 běi—"north" "north of the (Dongting) Lake"
Capital (and largest city)	Wuhan
Divisions	13 prefectures, 102 counties, 1235 townships
Government
• Type	Province
• Body	Hubei Provincial People's Congress
• CCP Secretary	Wang Menghui
• Congress director	Wang Menghui
• Governor	Wang Zhonglin
• CPPCC chairman	Sun Wei
Area [1][2]
• Total	185,900 km2 (71,800 sq mi)
• Rank	13th
Highest elevation (Shennong Peak)	3,105 m (10,187 ft)
Population  (2021)[3]
• Total	58,300,000
• Rank	10th
• Density	310/km2 (810/sq mi)
• Rank	12th
Demographics
• Ethnic composition	Han: 95.6% Tujia: 3.7% Miao: 0.4%
• Languages and dialects	Southwestern Mandarin, Jianghuai Mandarin, Gan, Xiang
GDP[4]
• Total	CN¥ 5.274 trillion US$ 784.1 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 92,059 US$ 13,686
ISO 3166 code	CN-HB
HDI (2021)	0.775[5] (high) (9th)
Website	Hubei.gov.cn (Simplified Chinese)

Hubei
"Hubei" in Chinese characters
Chinese	湖北
Postal	Hupeh
Literal meaning	"North of the (Dongting) Lake"
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Húběi Bopomofo ㄏㄨˊ   ㄅㄟˇ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Hwubeei Wade–Giles Hu2-pei3 IPA [xǔpèɪ] other Mandarin Xiao'erjing خُ‌بُوِ Wu Romanization Wu入 poh平 Hakka Romanization Fù-pet Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Wùh-bāk Jyutping Wu4-bak1 IPA [wuː˩.pɐk̚˥] Southern Min Hokkien POJ Ô͘-pak Tâi-lô Ôo-pak Eastern Min Fuzhou BUC Hù-báe̤k

Hubei^[a] is an inland province of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake.^[7] The provincial capital, Wuhan, serves as a major transportation hub and the political, cultural, and economic hub of central China.

Hubei's name is officially abbreviated to "鄂" (È), an ancient name associated with the eastern part of the province since the State of E of the Western Zhou dynasty of c. 1045–771 BCE; a popular name for Hubei is "楚" (Chǔ) (suggested by that of the powerful State of Chu, which existed in the area during the Eastern Zhou dynasty of 770 – 256 BCE). Hubei borders the provinces of Henan to the north, Anhui to the east, Jiangxi to the southeast, Hunan to the south, Chongqing to the west, and Shaanxi to the northwest. The high-profile Three Gorges Dam is located at Yichang, in the west of the province.

Hubei is the 7th-largest provincial economy of China, the second largest in the Central China region, the third largest in the South Central China region and the third largest among inland provinces. As of 2021^[update], Hubei's nominal GDP was US$787 billion (CNY 5 trillion) and its GDP (nominal) per capita exceeded US$13,000, making it the richest landlocked province, the richest province in the Central China region, and 2nd richest province in South Central China region after Guangdong.^[8]

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